PAN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES
e-ISSN: 2672-5924
Volume 9, No. 1, April 2025
Pages 391-397
DOI: 10.36108/pajols/5202/90.0121
Correlates of Loss of Corticomedullary Differentiation in a Rural Community in Southwest Nigeria
Opeyemi O. Oni1, Patience O. Akinwusi2, Abiona O. Odeyemi2, James I. Owolabi3 Gbenga M. Israel1, Oluwabukola Ala2, Joel O. Akande4, Oluwaseyi K. Israel5, Abdul-karim O. Shitu*1.
1Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2Department of Medicine, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
3Department of Radiology, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
4Department of Chemical Pathology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
5Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Loss of corticomedullary differentiation (CMD) is a significant manifestation of renal parenchy-mal disease and has been evaluated in clinical and non-clinical settings. However, little is known regarding its prevalence and its predictors in the community. Demographic and epidemiological studies have shown aetiolog-ic associations that also contribute to the rate of kidney disease progression and its outcome.
Methods: We conducted a community-based study on the prevalence, risk factors, and determinants of loss of CMD in Ejigbo. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee, and consent was received from all participants. Anthropometry, blood pressure, and other clinical variables were also measured. Blood samples were collected for serum creatinine, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, and lipids. A kidney ultrasound was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The prevalence of loss of CMD was 4.3% in the study population. The male-to-female ratio was 5:2. Those with loss of CMD were taller, had smaller waist and hip circumferences, lower BMI, lower systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressures. The prevalence of obesity was 25.4%, but no obese participant had loss of CMD. Male gender and height correlated positively, while pulse pressure, BMI, waist, and hip circumferences correlat-ed negatively with loss of CMD. The pulse pressure, BMI, total cholesterol, and male gender were independent determinants of loss of CMD.
Conclusion: Men have an unduly high risk of developing loss of CMD. Overweight and obesity may be associ-ated with a lower
Keywords: loss of corticomedullary differentiation, obesity, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, pulse pressure, cholesterol