PAN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES
e-ISSN: 2672-5924
Volume 8, No. 1, April 2024
Pages 759-763
DOI: 10.36108/pajols/4202/80.0110
Calcified Planum Sphenoidale Meningioma Mimicking Stroke in A 64-Year-Old Known Hypertensive: A Case Report
Emeka S. Obirija1, Rasheed M. Wemimo2* , Okonkwo J. Ebele 3, Latifat T. Oduola-Owoo4.
1Department Department of Radiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospi-tal, Abakaliki Ebonyi State.
2Department of Anatomic Pathology, College of Medicine and Allied Medical Science, Federal Uni-versity Dutse, Jigawa State
3Deparment of Radiology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State
4Department of Radiology, Federal Medical Centre, Ebute Meta, Lagos
Abstract
Background: Planum sphenoidale meningiomas are benign, slow-growing intracranial tumours with varied manifestations at any age group. Although it is rare, they usually present late when the size of the tumour is 4cm or more with headache, cognitive impairment, seizure, anosmia, nasal congestion and discharge, and visual disturbances. This type of meningioma constitutes a clinical diagnostic chal-lenge due to the non-specific nature of the subtle signs associated with it. Radiological investigations such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT scan) represent an imaging mo-dality used in the assessment of patients suspected of anterior cranial fossa meningioma and stroke.
Case Presentation: We present a 64-year-old retired civil servant who presented to the Emergency Unit of the National Hospital, Abuja, with a history of sudden onset of seizure and loss of conscious-ness that lasted for over 6 hours. The patient had been having a history of recurrent nasal discharge for ten (10) years and one episode of seizure one month before presentation. There is also prior history of nasal discharge that was usually scanty, yellowish, and sometimes purulent. There was an associated feeling of nasal congestion. A clinical diagnosis of transient ischaemic stroke in a known hypertensive was made. However, the further radiological evaluation revealed a tumour mass with histological fea-tures consistent with planum sphenoidale psammomatous grade I meningioma.
Conclusion: The clinical presentation of this tumour could mimic other cerebrovascular diseases. Thus, physicians need a high index of suspicion of other possible differential diagnoses, and appropri-ate radiological assessment is crucial with histopathologic examination.
Keywords: Meningioma, MRI, CT scan, WHO, Sphenoidale