PAN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES
e-ISSN: 2672-5924
Volume 9, No. 1, April 2025
Pages 320-328
DOI: 10.36108/pajols/5202/90.0130
Phytochemical Screening, Ftir and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Analysis of Methanol Extract of a Polyherbal Mixture
Patience F. Olabinri1, Tolulope A. Oyedeji2, Tope T. Odunitan3, Oluwatosin F. Agunbi-ade1, Leonard O. Ehigie3, Adeola F. Ehigie*1,.
1Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
3Ehigie’s Biochemistry and Biocomputational Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Abstract
Background: Secondary metabolites are naturally occurring substances produced by plants that exhibit a variety of biologi-cal functions. This study aimed to identify the phytochemicals and functional groups present in a polyherbal mixture com-posed of Ageratum conyzoides leaves, Xylopia aethiopica fruit, Lepidium meyenii roots, and Hunteria umbellata seeds.
Methods: The plant materials were collected, ground together, air-dried, and then pulverized into a fine powder. A total of 500 grams of the polyherbal mixture was soaked using methanol as the solvent. The extract was filtered and then subjected to dryness. A preliminary phytochemical screening was done to identify the phytochemicals, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spec-troscopy was used to determine the bioactive constituents of the methanol extract of the polyherbal mixture and Fourier transform infrared was used to detect the functional groups.
Results: The phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of bioactive constituents, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and phenols. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 117 bioactive compounds some of which in-clude Doconexent, 4-Tetradecene, (E)-, Phenanthrenol, 4-Dibenzofuranamine, Alloaromadendrene oxide-(2) and Kauran-18-al, 17-(acetyloxy)-, (4 beta.)-, which can be used to develop a wide range of traditional medicine. FTIR analyses revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, thiol, isothiocyanate, imino, and disulfide groups with primary and secondary amine.
Conclusion: The numerous pharmacological potentials of the identified compounds and groups indicate that this polyherbal mixture could be recommended for some treatments such as an anti-cancer, anti- inflammatory and anti-microbial. It can therefore be concluded that the presence of the phytocompounds present in this polyherbal makes it open for further scientific scrutiny
Keywords: Polyherbal, Phytochemical, GC-MS, FTIR, Anticancer